Influences of nano-clay amount on flexure behavior of concrete identified by acoustic emission

Authors

  • Sena Tayfur Department of Civil Engineering, Ege University, Bornova (Türkiye)
  • Hasan Yavuz Ünal Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ege University, Bornova (Türkiye)
  • Ninel Alver Department of Civil Engineering, Ege University, Bornova (Türkiye)
  • Yeliz Pekbey Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ege University, Bornova (Türkiye)

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.7764/RDLC.23.1.5

Keywords:

nano-clay, concrete, acoustic emission, fracture behavior, flexure.

Abstract

Nano-modification is an effective method currently used to improve mechanical properties of concrete by adding various nanomaterials. The results obtained from previous studies demonstrate that presence of these particles has positive effects on both mechanical and durability performances of concrete. However, while the existing studies investigate the state of resistance, revealing progressive failure mechanism of nano-particle added concrete under loading is a significant subject. In this regard, Acoustic Emission (AE) method is useful for identification of invisible damage progress by means of basic phenomenon defined as release of energy due to a fracture and propagation of it as elastic waves in a stressed medium. Apart from the existing studies in the literature, this paper is focused on investigation of the influences of nano-clay on mechanical and failure behaviors of concrete by AE. For this purpose, a plain and three different concrete mixtures including 1%, 3% and 5% nano-clay (NC) of cement weight were prepared. 100x100x600 mm beam specimens were produced from these mixtures and were tested under three-point-bending. Furthermore, to reveal invisible failure mechanisms of the specimens, all tests were simultaneously monitored with AE method. The results reveal that presence of nano-clay increases the load capacity and ductility of the concrete specimens which is also confirmed by AE results, as more amount of micro-scale events are obtained.Nano-modification is an effective method currently used to improve mechanical properties of concrete by adding various nanomaterials. The results obtained from previous studies demonstrate that presence of these particles has positive effects on both mechanical and durability performances of concrete. However, while the existing studies investigate the state of resistance, revealing progressive failure mechanism of nano-particle added concrete under loading is a significant subject. In this regard, Acoustic Emission (AE) method is useful for identification of invisible damage progress by means of basic phenomenon defined as release of energy due to a fracture and propagation of it as elastic waves in a stressed medium. Apart from the existing studies in the literature, this paper is focused on investigation of the influences of nano-clay on mechanical and failure behaviors of concrete by AE. For this purpose, a plain and three different concrete mixtures including 1%, 3% and 5% nano-clay (NC) of cement weight were prepared. 100x100x600 mm beam specimens were produced from these mixtures and were tested under three-point-bending. Furthermore, to reveal invisible failure mechanisms of the specimens, all tests were simultaneously monitored with AE method. The results reveal that presence of nano-clay increases the load capacity and ductility of the concrete specimens which is also confirmed by AE results, as more amount of micro-scale events are obtained.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Abdelrahman, M., ElBatanouny, M. K., Ziehl, P., Fasl, J., Larosche, C., Frazcek, J. (2015). Classification of alkali–silica reaction damage using acoustic emission: A proof-of-concept study. Construction and Building Materials, 95, 406-413.

Alver, N., Tanarslan, H. M., Tayfur, S. (2017). Monitoring fracture processes of CFRP-strengthened RC beam by acoustic emission. Journal of Infrastruc-ture Systems, 23(1), B4016002.

Amin, M., & El-hassan, K. A. (2015). Effect of using different types of nano materials on mechanical properties of high strength concrete. Construction and Building Materials, 80, 116–124.

Anwar, M. M. (2016). Influence of nano materials on flexural behavior and compressive strength of concrete. HBRC Journal, 12(2), 212-225.

Assaedi, H., Shaikh, F. U. A., & Low, I. M. (2016). Effect of nano-clay on mechanical and thermal properties of geopolymer. Journal of Asian Ceramics Society, 4, 19–28.

Barkoula, N. S., Ioannou, C., Aggelis, D. G., & Matikas, T. E. (2016). Optimization of nano-silica’s addition in cement mortars and assessment of the failure process using acoustic emission. Construction and Building Materials, 125, 546-552.

Cankaya, N. & Sahin, R. (2019). Chitosan/clay bionanocomposites: structural, antibacterial, thermal and swelling properties. Cellulose Chem-istry and Technology, 53(5-6), 537-549.

Chang, T. P., Shih, J. Y., Yang, K. M., & Hsiao, T. C. (2007). Material properties of Portland cement paste with nano-montmorillonite. Journal of Materials Science, 42, 7478-7487.

Du, H., Du, S., & Liu, X. (2014). Durability performances of concrete with nano-silica. Construction and Building Materials, 73, 705–712.

Du, H., Du, S., & Liu, X. (2015). Effect of nano-silica on the mechanical and transport properties of lightweight concrete. Construction and Building Mate-rials, 82, 114–122.

EN 12390-6. (2010). Concrete testing-hardened concrete - Part 4: Flexural strength test samples.

Eskandari, H., Vaghefi, M., & Kowsari, K. (2015). Investigation of Mechanical and Durability Properties of Concrete Influenced by Hybrid Nano Silica and Micro Zeolite. Procedia Materials Sciences, 11, 594–599. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mspro.2015.11.084

Farzadnia, N., Ali, A. A. A., Demirboga, R., & Anwar, M. P. (2013). Effect of halloysite nanoclay on mechanical properties, thermal behavior and micro-structure of cement mortars. Cement and Concrete Research, 48, 97-104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2013.03.005

Hamed, N., El-Feky, M. S., Kohail, M., & Nasr, E. S. A. R. (2019). Effect of nano-clay de-agglomeration on mechanical properties of concrete. Construc-tion and Building Materials, 205, 245-256.

Heikal, M., & Ibrahim, N. S. (2016). Hydration, microstructure and phase composition of composite cements containing nano-clay. Construction and Building Materials, 112, 19–27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.02.177

JCMS-IIIB5706. (2003). Monitoring method for active cracks in concrete by acoustic emission. Federation of Construction Material Industries, Japan, 23-28.

Khaloo, A., Mobini, M. H., & Hosseini, P. (2016). Influence of different types of nano-SiO2 particles on properties of high-performance concrete. Con-struction and Building Materials, 113, 188–201. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.03.041

Liu, C., Wei, Y. (2024). Experimental investigation on damage of concrete beam embedded with sensor using acoustic emission and digital image correla-tion. Construction and Building Materials, 423, 135887. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2024.135887

Lorenzi, A., Stein, K., Reginatto, L. A., & da Silva, L. C. P. (2020). Concrete structures monitoring using ultrasonic tests. Revista de la Construccion, 19(3), 246-257. 10.7764/RDLC.19.3

Mahdikhani, M., Bamshad, O., & Shirvani, M. F. (2018). Mechanical properties and durability of concrete specimens containing nano silica in sulfuric acid rain condition. Construction and Building Materials, 167, 929–935. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.01.137

Mohammed, B. S., Liew, M. S., Alaloul, W. S., Khed, V. C., Hoong, C. Y., & Adamu, M. (2018). Properties of nano-silica modified pervious concrete. Case Studies in Construction, 8, 409-22.

Morsy, M. S., Alsayed, S. H., & Aqel, M. (2011). Hybrid effect of carbon nanotube and nano-clay on physico-mechanical properties of cement mortar. Construction and Building Materials, 25, 145–149. Morsy, S. A., Alsayed, S. H., & Aqel, M. (2010). Effect of nano-clay on mechanical properties and microstructures of ordinary Portland cement mortar. International Journal of Computer and Electrical Engineering, 10(01), 23-27.

Nazerigivi, A., Nejati, H. R., Ghazvinian, A., & Najigivi, A. (2017). Influence of nano-silica on the failure mechanism of concrete specimens. Computers and Concrete, 19(4), 429-434.

Niaki, M. H., Fereidoon, A., & Ahangari, A. M. G. (2018). Experimental study on the mechanical and thermal properties of basalt fiber and nanoclay reinforced polymer concrete. Composite Structures, 191, 231–238.

Norhasri, M. S. M., Hamidah, M. S., & Fadzil, A. M. (2017). Applications of using nano material in concrete: A review. Construction and Building Materi-als, 133, 91–97. Saloma, N. A., Imran, I., & Abdullah, M. (2015). Improvement of concrete durability by nanomaterials. Procedia Engineering, 125, 608–612. TS 8102. (2009). Design of concrete mixtures.

Tayfur, S., Alver, N. (2019). A 3D parameter correction technique for damage assessment of structural reinforced concrete beams by acoustic emission. Construction and Building Materials, 215, 148-161.

Tayfur, S., Alver, N., Abdi, S., Saatcı, S., Ghiami, A. (2018). Characterization of concrete matrix/steel fiber de-bonding in an SFRC beam: Principal com-ponent analysis and k-mean algorithm for clustering AE data. Engineering Fracture Mechanics, 194, 73-85.

Tayfur, S., Zhang, T., Mahdi, M., Issa, M., Ozevin, D. (2023). Cluster-based sensor selection framework for acoustic emission source localization in con-crete. Measurement, 219, 113293.

Tayfur, S., Alver, N., Tanarslan, H. M., Ercan, E. (2018). Identifying CFRP strip width influence on fracture of RC beams by acoustic emission. Construc-tion and Building Materials, 164, 864-876.

Tayfur, S.,Alver, N., Türk, E. Menteşoğlu, M., Ercan, E. (2023). Failure behavior of CFRP-strengthened reinforced concrete beam–column joints under reversed-cyclic lateral loading: mechanical and acoustic emission observations. Structural Engineering International, 1-12.

Wang, W. C. (2017). Compressive strength and thermal conductivity of concrete with nanoclay under various high-temperatures. Construction and Build-ing Materials, 147, 305–311.

Xu, S., Xie, N., Cheng, X., Huang, S., Feng, L., Hou, P., & Zhu, Y. (2018). Environmental resistance of cement concrete modified with low dosage nano particles. Construction and Building Materials, 164, 535-553.

Downloads

Published

2024-04-29

How to Cite

Tayfur, S., Ünal , H. Y. ., Alver, N. ., & Pekbey, Y. . (2024). Influences of nano-clay amount on flexure behavior of concrete identified by acoustic emission. Revista De La Construcción. Journal of Construction, 23(1), 5–15. https://doi.org/10.7764/RDLC.23.1.5